Lideri i opozit\u00ebs ruse,\u00a0Alexei Navalny, u vra duke p\u00ebrdorur nj\u00eb toksin\u00eb vdekjeprur\u00ebse q\u00eb gjendet tek bretkosat helmuese n\u00eb Amerik\u00ebn e Jugut, than\u00eb Mbret\u00ebria e Bashkuar dhe disa aleat\u00eb t\u00eb saj evropian\u00eb. Gjetjet e zyr\u00ebs s\u00eb jashtme britanike treguan se gjurm\u00eb t\u00eb epibatidin\u00ebs u zbuluan n\u00eb mostra nga trupi i Navalny-t dhe kjo ka shum\u00eb gjasa q\u00eb rezultoi n\u00eb vdekjen e tij dy vjet m\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb koloni penale n\u00eb Siberi. Aleat\u00ebt than\u00eb se vet\u00ebm shteti rus kishte “mjetet, motivin dhe mund\u00ebsin\u00eb” p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorur k\u00ebt\u00eb toksin\u00eb vdekjeprur\u00ebse. Kremlini hodhi posht\u00eb zbulimin, duke e quajtur at\u00eb “nj\u00eb fushat\u00eb informimi”, sipas agjencis\u00eb s\u00eb lajmeve Tass.<\/p>\n
\u00c7far\u00eb toksine \u00ebsht\u00eb?<\/strong><\/p>\n Epibatidina \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb neurotoksin\u00eb natyrale e izoluar nga l\u00ebkura e bretkos\u00ebs helmuese ekuadoriane, sipas ekspertes s\u00eb toksikologjis\u00eb, Jill Johnson. Ajo tha p\u00ebr BBC Russian se \u00ebsht\u00eb \u201c200 her\u00eb m\u00eb e fuqishme\u201d se morfina.<\/p>\n Epibatidina gjendet natyralisht tek bretkosat helmuese n\u00eb Amerik\u00ebn e Jugut dhe gjithashtu mund t\u00eb prodhohet n\u00eb laborator. Bretkosat n\u00eb kafaz nuk prodhojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb toksin\u00eb dhe nuk gjendet natyralisht n\u00eb Rusi, than\u00eb aleat\u00ebt europian\u00eb. Disa lloje sekretojn\u00eb toksin\u00ebn n\u00eb l\u00ebkur\u00ebn e tyre.<\/p>\n Megjith\u00ebse epibatidina \u00ebsht\u00eb studiuar si analgjezik dhe p\u00ebr leht\u00ebsimin e s\u00ebmundjeve t\u00eb dhimbshme inflamatore t\u00eb mushk\u00ebrive, nuk p\u00ebrdoret klinikisht p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb toksicitetit t\u00eb saj.<\/p>\n Si funksionon helmi i bretkos\u00ebs?<\/strong><\/p>\n Ky p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebs kimik i fuqish\u00ebm vepron mbi receptor\u00ebt nikotinik\u00eb n\u00eb sistemin nervor, sipas Johnson. Duke i stimuluar tep\u00ebr k\u00ebta receptor\u00eb nervor\u00eb, n\u00ebse jepet n\u00eb doz\u00ebn e duhur, mund t\u00eb shkaktoj\u00eb:<\/p>\n T\u00ebrheqje muskulore dhe paraliz\u00eb<\/p>\n Konvulsione<\/p>\n Ngadal\u00ebsim t\u00eb rrahjeve t\u00eb zemr\u00ebs<\/p>\n Probleme respiratore deri n\u00eb vdekje<\/p>\n Profesori Alastair Hay nga Universiteti i Leeds-it tha p\u00ebr PA se efektet e tij mund t\u00eb bllokojn\u00eb frym\u00ebmarrjen dhe se “\u00e7do person i helmuar vdes nga mbytja”. Zbulimi i toksin\u00ebs n\u00eb gjakun e dikujt “sugjeron administrim t\u00eb q\u00ebllimsh\u00ebm”, shtoi ai. Ai gjithashtu theksoi se toksiciteti i epibatidin\u00ebs mund t\u00eb rritet nga kombinimi me disa barna t\u00eb tjera, dhe k\u00ebto kombinime jan\u00eb studiuar.<\/p>\n Sa e rrall\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb\u00a0toksina?<\/strong><\/p>\n Epibatidina \u00ebsht\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonisht e rrall\u00eb dhe gjendet vet\u00ebm n\u00eb nj\u00eb rajon gjeografik dhe vet\u00ebm n\u00eb sasi t\u00eb vogla. Fryma e bretkos\u00ebs q\u00eb u p\u00ebrmend nga Mbret\u00ebria e Bashkuar dhe t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt ishte Anthony’s poison arrow frog, nj\u00eb specie endemike e Ekuadorit dhe Perus\u00eb. Bretkosat prodhojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebs duke ngr\u00ebn\u00eb ushqimin e duhur q\u00eb prodhon alkaloide, nj\u00eb lloj p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00ebsi organik \u2013 q\u00eb krijon epibatidin\u00ebn dhe e akumulojn\u00eb n\u00eb l\u00ebkur\u00eb. N\u00ebse dieta e bretkos\u00ebs ndryshon, rezervat e epibatidin\u00ebs shterojn\u00eb.<\/p>\n Johnson tha: \u201cT\u00eb gjesh nj\u00eb bretkos\u00eb t\u00eb eg\u00ebr n\u00eb vendin e duhur, duke ngr\u00ebn\u00eb pik\u00ebrisht ushqimin e nevojsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb prodhuar alkaloidet e duhura, \u00ebsht\u00eb pothuajse e pamundur\u2026 pothuajse.\u201d Ajo shtoi: \u201cKy \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb metod\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonisht e rrall\u00eb p\u00ebr helmimin e njeriut. Rastet e tjera t\u00eb helmimit me epibatidin q\u00eb njoh un\u00eb ishin laboratorike dhe jo-fatale.\u201d<\/p>\n \u00c7far\u00eb thot\u00eb Rusia?<\/strong><\/p>\n Laborator\u00ebt europian\u00eb konfirmuan se Navalny vdiq nga ky helm i rrall\u00eb, than\u00eb aleat\u00ebt t\u00eb shtun\u00ebn. Moska kishte pretenduar m\u00eb par\u00eb se Navalny vdiq nga shkaqe natyrore, megjith\u00ebse e veja e Navalny-t, Yulia Navalnaya, ka pohuar vazhdimisht se burri i saj u \u201cvra\u201d nga helmimi.<\/p>\n Ambasada ruse n\u00eb Lond\u00ebr mohoi p\u00ebrfshirjen e Mosk\u00ebs n\u00eb vdekjen e Navalny-t dhe p\u00ebrshkroi njoftimin si “mang\u00ebsi mendore e fabulist\u00ebve per\u00ebndimor\u00eb” dhe “nekro-propagand\u00eb”. Z\u00ebdh\u00ebn\u00ebsja e Kremlinit, Maria Zakharova, u citua nga agjencia ruse e lajmeve Tass duke th\u00ebn\u00eb:<\/p>\n “T\u00eb gjitha bisedat dhe deklaratat jan\u00eb nj\u00eb fushat\u00eb informimi e cila ka p\u00ebr q\u00ebllim t\u00eb largoj\u00eb v\u00ebmendjen nga problemet urgjente t\u00eb Per\u00ebndimit.”<\/p>\n N\u00eb koh\u00ebn e vdekjes, Navalny ishte n\u00eb burg p\u00ebr tre vjet dhe s\u00eb fundmi ishte transferuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb koloni penale n\u00eb Arktik. Sipas raporteve ruse, 47-vje\u00e7ari b\u00ebri nj\u00eb sh\u00ebtitje t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr, tha se ndihej keq, pastaj u shemb dhe nuk rikuperoi kurr\u00eb vet\u00ebdijen.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Lideri i opozit\u00ebs ruse,\u00a0Alexei Navalny, u vra duke p\u00ebrdorur nj\u00eb toksin\u00eb vdekjeprur\u00ebse q\u00eb gjendet tek bretkosat helmuese n\u00eb Amerik\u00ebn e Jugut, than\u00eb Mbret\u00ebria e Bashkuar dhe disa aleat\u00eb t\u00eb saj evropian\u00eb. Gjetjet e zyr\u00ebs s\u00eb jashtme britanike treguan se gjurm\u00eb t\u00eb epibatidin\u00ebs u zbuluan n\u00eb mostra nga trupi i Navalny-t dhe kjo ka shum\u00eb gjasa […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2317,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"subtitle":"","format":"standard","override":[{"template":"1","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"top","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","show_post_reading_time":"0","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","post_calculate_word_method":"str_word_count","show_zoom_button":"0","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_popup_post":"1","show_comment_section":"1","number_popup_post":"1","show_author_box":"1","show_post_related":"0","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-715","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","disable_ad":"0"},"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":{"view_counter_number":"0","share_counter_number":"0","like_counter_number":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"jnews_post_split":{"post_split":[{"template":"1","tag":"h2","numbering":"asc","mode":"normal","first":"0","enable_toc":"0","toc_type":"normal"}]},"footnotes":""},"categories":[125],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2316","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-shkence"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/shetshqip.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2316","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/shetshqip.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/shetshqip.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shetshqip.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shetshqip.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2316"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/shetshqip.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2316\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2318,"href":"https:\/\/shetshqip.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2316\/revisions\/2318"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shetshqip.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2317"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/shetshqip.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2316"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shetshqip.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2316"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shetshqip.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2316"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}