Raporti i Tranzicionit 2025\u201326 i Bank\u00ebs Europiane p\u00ebr Rind\u00ebrtim dhe Zhvillim (BERZH): \u201cNj\u00eb bot\u00eb e vjet\u00ebr, por m\u00eb e guximshme\u201d, i cili do t\u00eb prezantohet sot n\u00eb ambientet e Bank\u00ebs s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb e v\u00eb fokusin tek emigracioni, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb mjaft shqet\u00ebsues n\u00eb vend dhe nuk duket se po ndalet.<\/p>\n
Sipas raportit, Shqip\u00ebria dhe Kosova jan\u00eb dy vendet q\u00eb kan\u00eb p\u00ebrjetuar emigracionin m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00ebn post-komuniste q\u00eb nga viti 1990.<\/p>\n
Grafik\u00ebt e raportit tregojn\u00eb qart\u00eb se Shqip\u00ebria ka humbur rreth 40 p\u00ebr qind t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb vitit 1990 p\u00ebr periudh\u00ebn 1990-2023, vet\u00ebm p\u00ebrmes emigracionit neto, niveli m\u00eb i dyt\u00eb m\u00eb i lart\u00eb n\u00eb Europ\u00eb dhe n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb grupin e ekonomive t\u00eb BERZH.<\/p>\n
Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, shtesa natyrore ka qen\u00eb pozitive p\u00ebr pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb periudh\u00ebs dhe ka kompensuar rreth 27 p\u00ebr qind t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb vitit 1990, \u00e7ka e zbut pjes\u00ebrisht goditjen, por jo aq sa t\u00eb neutralizoj\u00eb flukset e largimit.<\/p>\n
Edhe Kosova ka humbur 50% t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb vitit 1990 p\u00ebr t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn periudh\u00eb, niveli m\u00eb i lart\u00eb n\u00eb Europ\u00eb, ndon\u00ebse ka pasur nj\u00eb shtes\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb kart\u00eb natyrore se Shqip\u00ebria me gati 40%.<\/p>\n
Raporti thot\u00eb se ky boshll\u00ebk i madh demografik po p\u00ebrkthehet n\u00eb nj\u00eb frenim t\u00eb ndjesh\u00ebm ekonomik p\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb. N\u00eb grafikun e dyt\u00eb t\u00eb raportit, BERZH mat p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb ndikimin vjetor t\u00eb demografis\u00eb n\u00eb rritjen e PBB-s\u00eb p\u00ebr frym\u00eb.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebr Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb, kontributi i popullsis\u00eb ka qen\u00eb negativ gjat\u00eb viteve 2000\u20132023, me rreth \u20130.2 pik\u00eb p\u00ebrqindje rritje t\u00eb humbur \u00e7do vit.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebr periudh\u00ebn 2024\u20132050, ndikimi pritet t\u00eb thellohet n\u00eb \u20130.3 deri \u20130.4 pik\u00eb p\u00ebrqindje n\u00eb vit, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb nj\u00eb nga ekonomit\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb ekspozuara n\u00eb gjith\u00eb rajonin e BERZH. Edhe n\u00eb horizontin 2050\u20132100, sinjali mbetet negativ, \u00e7ka tregon se plakja e popullsis\u00eb dhe pak\u00ebsimi i forc\u00ebs s\u00eb pun\u00ebs do t\u00eb vijojn\u00eb t\u00eb shoq\u00ebrojn\u00eb ekonomin\u00eb edhe n\u00eb dekadat e ardhshme.<\/p>\n
Mungesa e fuqis\u00eb pun\u00ebtore, rritja e numrit t\u00eb t\u00eb moshuarve dhe dob\u00ebsimi i baz\u00ebs s\u00eb kontribuuesve n\u00eb skemat sociale po e vendosin ekonomin\u00eb n\u00ebn presion t\u00eb vazhduesh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n
Raporti sugjeron se n\u00eb munges\u00eb t\u00eb rritjes s\u00eb produktivitetit, investimeve teknologjike, rritjes s\u00eb kapitalit njer\u00ebzor dhe p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimit t\u00eb klim\u00ebs s\u00eb biznesit, emigracioni masiv do t\u00eb vazhdoj\u00eb t\u00eb frenoj\u00eb rritjen ekonomike p\u00ebr t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn edhe tre dekada.<\/p>\n
Solovova e BERZH: nj\u00eb e kat\u00ebrta e shqiptar\u00ebve me arsim t\u00eb lart\u00eb jan\u00eb larguar, nd\u00ebrmerrni politika aktive p\u00ebr rikthimin e talenteve<\/p>\n
Ekaterina Solovova, P\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuese Rezidente e BERZH-it n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, ka pohuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb intervist\u00eb p\u00ebr \u201cMonitor\u201d n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb janarit se Raporti i fundit i Tranzicionit i BERZH-it n\u00ebnvizon se, mes personave me arsim t\u00eb lart\u00eb n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebri, pothuajse nj\u00eb e kat\u00ebrta jan\u00eb larguar, nd\u00ebrsa relativisht pak persona me arsim t\u00eb lart\u00eb kan\u00eb ardhur nga vende t\u00eb tjera.<\/p>\n
Kjo prirje vihet re n\u00eb shum\u00eb ekonomi t\u00eb Europ\u00ebs n\u00eb zhvillim n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi dhe ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb Ballkanin Per\u00ebndimor, ku vet\u00ebm pak vende (si Bosnja dhe Hercegovina) kan\u00eb edhe norma m\u00eb t\u00eb larta emigrimi t\u00eb personave me arsim universitar.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebrvoja e vendeve t\u00eb tjera, nga Polonia deri n\u00eb Meksik\u00eb, sugjeron se, teksa kushtet p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsohen dhe t\u00eb ardhurat rriten, bilanci i migracionit neto ndryshon gradualisht. Individ\u00ebt e arsimuar kthehen n\u00eb num\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb madh dhe punonj\u00ebsit e kualifikuar fillojn\u00eb t\u00eb synojn\u00eb t\u00eb l\u00ebvizin drejt vendit nga shtete t\u00eb tjera.<\/p>\n
Sfida p\u00ebr politik\u00ebb\u00ebr\u00ebsit \u00ebsht\u00eb t\u00eb krijojn\u00eb kushtet e duhura p\u00ebr ata q\u00eb kthehen me ide, aft\u00ebsi dhe kapital t\u00eb fituar jasht\u00eb vendit, kushte q\u00eb u mund\u00ebsojn\u00eb t\u00eb jen\u00eb sa m\u00eb produktiv\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Duke u bazuar n\u00eb p\u00ebrvoj\u00ebn e vendeve t\u00eb tjera, disa masa praktike p\u00ebr t\u00eb nxitur kthimin e personave t\u00eb kualifikuar mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshijn\u00eb, p\u00ebr shembull, regjistrim t\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtuar t\u00eb biznesit p\u00ebr emigrant\u00ebt e kthyer, leht\u00ebsime tatimore dhe skema bashk\u00eb-investimi, ku shteti ose institucionet mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebse p\u00ebrputhin kapitalin e tyre me kontribute shtes\u00eb.<\/p>\n
Po aq t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme, n\u00eb mos edhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb, jan\u00eb masat q\u00eb synojn\u00eb forcimin e m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm t\u00eb qeverisjes dhe p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin e klim\u00ebs s\u00eb biznesit n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi.<\/p>\n
P\u00ebrllogaritjet e Bank\u00ebs Europiane p\u00ebr Rind\u00ebrtim dhe Zhvillim (BERZH) n\u00eb raportin e tranzicionit tregojn\u00eb se rreth 23% e t\u00eb arsimuarve nga vendi yn\u00eb tashm\u00eb kan\u00eb emigruar.<\/p>\n
Shqip\u00ebria ka nivel t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb emigracionit n\u00eb popullsin\u00eb e arsimuar n\u00eb vitet 2023-2024 dhe kthime shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebta t\u00eb tyre krahasuar me 38 vende t\u00eb Rajonit t\u00eb BERZH.<\/p>\n
M\u00eb keq se Shqip\u00ebria renditen Bosnja, Autoriteti Palestinez dhe n\u00eb nj\u00eb nivel t\u00eb ngjash\u00ebm \u00ebsht\u00eb Taxhikistani.<\/p>\n
T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat n\u00eb grafikun e m\u00ebposht\u00ebm tregojn\u00eb se vendet e tjera n\u00eb tranzicion kan\u00eb p\u00ebrqindje m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebta t\u00eb emigrimit t\u00eb trurit dhe kthime t\u00eb larta.<\/p>\n
T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat tregojn\u00eb se mbi 23% e t\u00eb arsimuarve shqiptar\u00eb kishin emigruar n\u00eb 2023-2024, vet\u00ebm 2-3% e tyre rikthehen.<\/p>\n
Studimi tregon se vendi po humbet m\u00eb shum\u00eb profesionist\u00eb sesa arrin t\u00eb t\u00ebrheq\u00eb. N\u00eb krahasim me ekonomit\u00eb e tjera, Shqip\u00ebria pozicionohet n\u00eb grupin e vendeve me emigracion t\u00eb lart\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb arsimuarve, n\u00eb nivele shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb larta se ekonomit\u00eb e Europ\u00ebs n\u00eb Zhvillim, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 Bosnj\u00ebs, e cila nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera vuan nga konfliktet nd\u00ebr-etnike dhe mungesa e stabilitetit politik.<\/p>\n
Sakaq, niveli i kthimit t\u00eb profesionist\u00ebve mbetet minimal, shum\u00eb m\u00eb i ul\u00ebt se edhe vendet e tjera t\u00eb vogla t\u00eb Europ\u00ebs Juglindore. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb, Shqip\u00ebria nuk po arrin t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb destinacion t\u00ebrheq\u00ebs p\u00ebr talentet nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb humb vazhdimisht profesionist\u00eb drejt vendeve m\u00eb t\u00eb zhvilluara.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Raporti i Tranzicionit 2025\u201326 i Bank\u00ebs Europiane p\u00ebr Rind\u00ebrtim dhe Zhvillim (BERZH): \u201cNj\u00eb bot\u00eb e vjet\u00ebr, por m\u00eb e guximshme\u201d, i cili do t\u00eb prezantohet sot n\u00eb ambientet e Bank\u00ebs s\u00eb Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb e v\u00eb fokusin tek emigracioni, i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb mjaft shqet\u00ebsues n\u00eb vend dhe nuk duket se po ndalet. Sipas raportit, Shqip\u00ebria dhe […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2170,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"subtitle":"","format":"standard","override":[{"template":"1","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"1","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"top","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","show_post_reading_time":"0","post_reading_time_wpm":"300","post_calculate_word_method":"str_word_count","show_zoom_button":"0","zoom_button_out_step":"2","zoom_button_in_step":"3","show_post_tag":"1","show_popup_post":"1","show_comment_section":"1","number_popup_post":"1","show_author_box":"1","show_post_related":"0","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-715","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}],"trending_post_position":"meta","trending_post_label":"Trending","sponsored_post_label":"Sponsored by","disable_ad":"0"},"jnews_primary_category":[],"jnews_social_meta":[],"jnews_override_counter":{"view_counter_number":"0","share_counter_number":"0","like_counter_number":"0","dislike_counter_number":"0"},"jnews_post_split":{"post_split":[{"template":"1","tag":"h2","numbering":"asc","mode":"normal","first":"0","enable_toc":"0","toc_type":"normal"}]},"footnotes":""},"categories":[83],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2169","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lajme"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/shetshqip.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2169","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/shetshqip.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/shetshqip.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shetshqip.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shetshqip.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2169"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/shetshqip.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2169\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2171,"href":"https:\/\/shetshqip.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2169\/revisions\/2171"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shetshqip.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2170"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/shetshqip.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2169"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shetshqip.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2169"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/shetshqip.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2169"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}